A 4% rise on all incomes and capital gains has been proposed to finance social care.
The Resolution Foundation has said that a new health and social care levy should apply to all earnings over £12,500.
The new tax would be combined with a 3% cut in employee national insurance and the abolition of national insurance contributions for the self-employed.
The levy would raise £17bn, of which £6bn could be ring-fenced to help address social care funding shortfalls.
The report also said that reform of wealth taxes — including restricting capital gains and inheritance tax reliefs and adding a council tax supplement of 1% on properties worth over £2m — could raise a further £9bn.
